For this section I have chosen the REMUS 100 to demonstrate components and technologies that are
being
employed for the transmission and reception of signals through the water
and REMUS -100 specifications.
Advanced Core Electronics: The new core electronics board is
smaller and lighter than the components it replaces, and it uses an ARM + FPGA
architecture that makes it both potent and versatile while consuming less than
5W of power — about 25 percent of the power required by the earlier version.
Flexible Navigation Suite: The New Generation REMUS 100 includes
an exclusive conformal design, phased array transducer 300kHz DVL in the rear
of the vehicle. This design significantly increases bottom-tracking range to
improve overall navigation performance. In addition, the REMUS 100 will now be
available with a choice of inertial navigation system (INS) to suit each
customer's navigation needs and budget.
Open Architecture: The New Generation REMUS 100 expands on
existing REMUS capabilities by adding an open architecture platform for
advanced autonomy making the vehicle more versatile. This platform is realized
with a publish subscribe database based on a Robotic Operating System (ROS) on
a second processor. The new REMUS "front seat" performs control functions
using well-tested, reliable proprietary control software.
The "back
seat" performs mission tasks, such as side scan sonar data logging and
extensibility using Hydroid, customer or third party applications (Naval Drones
2016).
REMUS 100 Specifications.
Vehicle Diameter 19 cm (7.5 in).
Vehicle Length From 170 cm (67 in).
Weight in Air From 36 kg (<80 lbs.).
Trim Weight 1 kg (2.2 lbs.).
Maximum Depth 100 meters (328 ft.).
Operating Depth Energy 1 kw-hr internally rechargeable lithium-ion batteries.
Endurance Up to 12 hours at 1.5 m/s (3 knots) dependent on sensor
configuration.
Propulsion Direct drive DC brushless motor to open 3-bladed propeller.
Velocity Range 0-2.6 m/s (0-5 knots), variable over range, dependent on
sensor configuration.
External Hook-up 2-pin combined Ethernet, vehicle power & battery
charging; 4-pin serial connector.
Navigation Long Baseline (LBL), Doppler-assisted dead reckoning,
Inertial Navigation System (INS), GPS.
Transponders Two (2) transponders provide 20–30 kHz operating frequency
range.
Tracking Emergency transponder, mission abort, & in-mission
tracking capabilities.
Software Vehicle Interface Program (VIP) based laptop interface for
programming, training, post-
mission analysis, documentation, maintenance, &
troubleshooting.
Data Exporting & Reporting HTML report generator, & ASCII text export.
Operations Capable of operating multiple vehicles simultaneously
(Hydroid 2015).
UMV
In the Unmanned Underwater Vehicle arena,
I have discovered it is the best medium for data transfer. The data signal is
rarely slowed as mentioned below “advantages of data transmission through water with the use of UMV”.
Differences
in data transmission rates along with an explanation for the differences.
What does Data Transmission Rate mean: It is the amount of data that can be moved from one place to
another in a given time. It can be viewed as the speed of data from one place
to another. Basically, if you have more Bandwidth available to you the higher
your data transfer rate will be.
o
Crosses
water-to-air boundary; long-range horizontal communication using air path.
o
water
to air or land without surface repeater.
o
unaffected
by weather patterns.
o
multi-path
is less of an issue, because of higher attenuation and lower reflections from
the surface of the water to the sea floor.
o
acoustic
noise has no effect; wave heights have no effect, engine noise has no effect on
transmission rates.
o
Greater
propagation speed; because of low propagation delay, very important when
working networking protocols requiring multiple exchanges of data.
o
Smaller
antennas give acceptable performance.
o
Not
affected by low visibility.
o
Not
affected by operations in surf zones.
o
Marine
animals have no effect.
o
The
advantages of electromagnetic signal have resulted in better UMV platforms.
o
You
get real-time control of UMVs from the shore, from submarines and from boats.
o
You
can send wireless data transfer through the hull of the platform.
o
high-speed
transfer of data between UMV’s and boats.
o
Sensor
data in real time transferred to UMV when its underwater.
o
Better
underwater networks.
o
No
need for surface repeaters from underwater sensors to transfer data.
o
You can
get Data from underwater sensors and send it to Unmanned Aerial Vehicles.
o
Better
communications; UMV to UMV, submarine to UMV, UMV to Unmanned boats.
.
o Better sea navigation.
I would recommend that the data retrieved be sent via more robust upgraded Internet
or Ethernet with more bandwidth available capability to ships, submarines and
shore based control stations. This would allow the end user faster examination
of the data being sent from REMUS. I would also recommend an upgrade to the
optics for better vision underwater to examine objects more closely.
References
https://www.hydroid.com/next-generation-remus-100-defense-applications#specifications-tab
from.
http://www.navaldrones.com/Remus.html
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